ZBasic Forum

Posted: **17 January 2009, 7:24 AM**

Hi

Ive included a simple broken down part of my project which has an AT serial keyboard connected via INT0 and a data line... the key presses chars are Debug.printed out along with the current bitcounter 0-11...

The problem I have, if keys get pressed really quickly or perhaps uP doing something else... is that the get_kb_bitcount() starts to show that the c code in keyboard.c has lost count (miss-counted) the 1-11 interrupts per key press... once it has lots count then the char codes returned make no sense.

I have to admit and say I dont understand exactly how everything works as the code isnt all mine, although Ive spent a while going through, but I thought of adding some recovery code, perhaps some timer that if a key isnt pressed for a while that we just make sure that the bitcount is 0 and if not ensure its reset.

Im just not sure quite how to do that with the timer interrupts, or if this is the best way... Also wanted to share something in case its useful to others or they can improve and help

Thanks
Neil

ps Perhaps its overkill to have a whole AT PC keyboard connected, but old ones seemed cheap, used only two ports and more or less unlimited amount of keys... and except for the sometimes loosing track seems to work well.

Posted: **17 January 2009, 8:14 AM**

Hi

Perhaps it was easier then I thought ?

I added

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dim gaurdCounterStack&#40;1 to 60&#41; as Byte

along with a new task in the Main()

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callTask gaurdCounter&#40;&#41;, gaurdCounterStack

and the sub also

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'~ ------------------------------------------------------
'~ Anther task which checks if a non 0 value of the counter
'~ remains for a certain period... indicating that then
'~ keyboard is confused and counter should be reset to 0
'~ ------------------------------------------------------
Declare sub reset_kb_bitcount&#40;&#41;
sub gaurdCounter&#40;&#41; Attribute&#40;used&#41;
	do
			Dim bitCount as Byte
			Dim bitnextCount as Byte
			
			bitCount = get_kb_bitcount&#40;&#41; 
			
			Call SetInterval&#40;1.0&#41;
			call WaitForInterval&#40;0&#41;
		
			bitnextCount = get_kb_bitcount&#40;&#41; 
			if &#40;bitCount = bitnextCount  AND bitCount <> 0&#41; then 
				call reset_kb_bitcount&#40;&#41;
				Debug.print "ERR"
			else 
				Debug.print "OK"
			end if	
		call delay&#40;1.0&#41;
	loop	
end sub

And also a little function to reset the counter in keyboard.c

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void reset_kb_bitcount&#40;void&#41; &#123;
	_kb_bitcount = 0;
&#125;

Not sure if I have the timing right... but it seems to work. I really like this development enviroment

and am enjoying myself

Thanks
Neil

Posted: **17 January 2009, 8:22 AM**

ndudman wrote:except for the sometimes loosing track seems to work well.

I believe that the problem is in int0Task(). The issue is that the subroutine callInt() really needs to run to completion every time it is called and, as written, it is not protected from a task switch or an interrupt. If either of these occurs, callInt will probably miss bits.

The problem can be at least partially fixed by modifying int0Task() as shown below.

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Sub int0Task&#40;&#41;
  Do
    Call WaitForInterrupt&#40;zxPinFallingEdge, WaitInt0&#41;
    Atomic
      Call callInt&#40;&#41;
    End Atomic
  Loop
End Sub

Of course, the best way to correct the problem is to have the code in callInt() be run as an ISR. The original C code was intended to run that way.

Posted: **17 January 2009, 14:22 PM**

Thanks Don

So i went back to the origional c code and changed it back to use ISR directly

and enabled the interrupts with the following, this time reading the Atmega datasheet made more sense then the other times.

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EICRA=&#40;EICRA&0xFC&#41;|&#40;0x02<<ISC00&#41;;		// Set falling edge
EIMSK=&#40;EIMSK&0xBF&#41;|&#40;0x01<<INT0&#41;;		// Enable interrupt

Ive gone about this the long way... reinventing the wheel... but have learnt much about how it works...thanks the help

Neil

Posted: **17 January 2009, 14:30 PM**

So Ive much simplified the code... after Id compilated it... but one problem remains

At the keyboard.c _kb_buf_get(void)

I had to add a little delay here, didnt know how to do it except call a zbasic sub.

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while&#40;_kb_buf_count&#40;&#41;==0&#41; &#123;
		//~ ~ zf_myprint3&#40;_kb_buf_count&#40;&#41;&#41;;
		zf_myDelay&#40;&#41;;
	&#125;

The origional line was

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while&#40;_kb_buf_count&#40;&#41;==0&#41; ;

Which I didnt understand why it wouldnt work, my guess was that it need to yeild or something so that the value could actually change perhaps ? Only a crude guess.

Any pointers ?

Thanks
Neil

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Posted: **17 January 2009, 15:04 PM**

ndudman wrote:I had to add a little delay here, didnt know how to do it except call a zbasic sub.

The WinAVR include files provide a way to invoke approximate millisecond and microsecond delays but are limited to compile-time constant delays. I see now that I should have included these files among the avr-gcc that are installed with ZBasic. You can add them to your installation by extracting the contents of the attached .zip file (preserving pathnames) to the WinAVR/avr/include subdirectory of the ZBasic installation directory. When you're done you should have a file <ZBasic install directory>/WinAvr/avr/include/util/delay.h.

Once that file is present, you can use the delay functions in C code by adding the two lines below near the top of your .c file.

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#define F_CPU 14745600UL
#include <util/delay.h>

Then, wherever you need a fixed delay, you can realize it as shown below.

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while&#40;_kb_buf_count&#40;&#41;==0&#41;
&#123;
  _delay_ms&#40;10&#41;;  // a 10 mS delay
&#125;

This issue also revealed that the generated build commands should include the definition of F_CPU so that it doesn't have to be added manually as above.

Posted: **17 January 2009, 17:51 PM**

Don

I applied the zip file and made the changes to my c file... however it dosnt work... only with the zf_myDelay(); can I press and see key presses... Im confused...

Neil

Posted: **17 January 2009, 18:03 PM**

Don

Back to the origional problem I had of loosing track of the bit count(1-11 or so interrupts per keypress)... Im now using the following kind of definition within the keyboard.c file.

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ISR&#40;INT0_vect&#41; &#123;

I understand that INT0 cant be interrupted by anything else ? so if its loosing track of the count, which it still is (much better though)... where could I have a look ?

Thanks
Neil

Posted: **17 January 2009, 19:00 PM**

ndudman wrote:I applied the zip file and made the changes to my c file... however it dosnt work...

Do you mean that it doesn't compile or that it doesn't receive characters properly? If the latter, I'm afraid that I can't be of much help because I don't know why a delay might be needed.

Posted: **17 January 2009, 19:21 PM**

ndudman wrote:so if its loosing track of the count, which it still is (much better though)... where could I have a look ?

How are you connecting the PS/2 keyboard signals to the ZX? The circuit diagram in the attached image shows how it should be done. The pullup resistors are essential but the value is not critical; anything in the 1K to 10K range should be fine. It is also essential that the ground of the PS/2 connector be connected to the same ground as the ZX.

ZBasic Forum

AT keyboard - sometimes loosing track of 11 bits

AT keyboard - sometimes loosing track of 11 bits

Re: AT keyboard - sometimes loosing track of 11 bits